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There is nothing better than a SAFE
tan, whether it is from the sun or a tanning
booth. Even if you tan slowly without burning, the risk to the
health of your skin is HIGH.
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The face is protected by the sun’s rays only by the shade or by wearing a hat.
Plus, other surrounding surfaces, such as water or grass, reflect the rays from the ground to your skin, giving you a double dose of sun exposure. Altitude is another variable that increases sun exposure: for every 1,000-foot increase in altitude, the sun's intensity increases by 4%.
Getting a sunburn is a serious problem, but what is most commonly underestimated is that a sunburn continues to develop for 12 to 24 hours after the initial burn takes place. Do not cover it with thick moisturizers. These will trap the heat causing the skin’s temperature to rise even more. Immediately apply cool water (not icy, which could aggravate the problem even further by exposing the epidermis to unnecessary and damaging thermal shock). Therefore, apply a good after sun product formulated with a base of natural anti-inflammatory components such as Aloe Vera.
A real "waterproof" sunscreen doesn’t exsist since water gradually “erodes” the epidermis, diluting the sunscreen’s protective effect. For this reason, beginning in 2002 sunscreens that meet stringent FDA requirements can be labelled "water resistant”.
As a correct behaviour it is best to apply a good quality sunscreen at least 15 to 20 minutes before sun exposure. It is also recommended that you apply sunscreen liberally and generously, without trying to “save”. According to a recent study performed in USA, sunscreen users only apply 50 percent of the recommended amount, so they are only receiving 50% of the relative protection.
Now let’s talk numbers: an SPF 10 filters out about 85% of UVB rays, an SPF 15 stops about 95%. An SPF that's higher than 30 does not provide any more UV protection, it just extends the time you can stay in the sun without burning. So even if you use a product with an SPF 50, it still has limitations and can let a small percentage (3%) of UV rays penetrate the epidermis, which explains why you still might get some colour in spite of the high protection factor.
The number of the sunscreen
protection factor printed on a product (SPF)
tells you how long you can stay in the sun before getting burned.
If you can normally stay in the sun 15
minutes before you start to redden, an SPF 15
product will let you stay in the sun for at least 3 1/2 hours
without burning.
If you begin to redden after 10 minutes, the same SPF 15 product
will let you stay in the sun approximately 2 1/2 hours. The
formula is 10 (minutes, or minimal erythematous dose) x 15 (SPF)
= 150 minutes, or 2 1/2 hours.
UVB radiations are the sun’s rays that burn the epidermis. Their impact on the skin is immediate, infact within the very first minute damage from UVB rays takes place.Instead UVA rays are the real killers. Although you don’t feel them, they are the primary cause of wrinkles and skin damage, and they can penetrate glasses that do not have a protective UV coating. Even on cloudy days, in town, the sun’s rays have an impact on our skin. Remember that SPF is only a measurement regarding the sun burns caused by UVB rays and actually there are no numbers that indicate the protection from UVA radiation, though some manufacturers have begun using protection ratings indicated by the symbols (+) or (*).
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